Abstract

In this talk, we look at how a Scala development team can work collaboratively to build, test, and deploy their software.

A philosophy of DevOps

How long would it take your organization to deploy a change that involves just one single line of code?

Do you deploy changes at this pace on a repeatable, reliable basis?

- Poppendieck

Battle-tested, real-world certified

This approach has been successful in the development of multiple open source projects.

• xsbt-web-plugin - an sbt plugin for building Scala Web applications
• Scalave - embeddable online Scala evaluation
• Several others

Defining DevOps

"DevOps"

Defining DevOps :: so Zen Venn

Defining DevOps :: software engineering

10 GOTO 10

Defining DevOps :: IT operations

Keep sh*t running.

Defining DevOps :: quality assurance

Ensure stakeholder happiness.

DevOps lifecycle

• Test-driven development
• Collaborative development
• Continuous integration
• Continuous deployment

Test-driven development

Test-driven development :: phases

• Specification
• Testing
• Implementation
• Coverage

Test-driven development :: specification

Test-driven development :: specification

Test-driven development :: testing

New development; new branch.

$ git checkout -b issue-5

Test-driven development :: testing

Fully specify the desired feature, including how to use it.

test("add a bunch of numbers") {
  val nums = List(1,2,3,4,5,6,6,7,8)
  val sum = get("/add?" + nums.mkString(","))
  assert(sum === "42")
}

test("don't add no numbers") {
  val sum = get("/add")
  assert(sum === "")
}

Test-driven development :: failing test

Make something break before fixing it.

$ sbt test
...
[info] - add a bunch of numbers *** FAILED ***
[info] - don't add no numbers *** FAILED ***
...
[error] Failed: Total 2, Failed 2, Errors 0, Passed 0

Test-driven development :: implementation

We'll use a Servlet with sbt and xsbt-web-plugin.

Test-driven development :: implementation

Let's make the test pass.

class AddServlet extends HttpServlet {
  override def doGet(req: HttpServletRequest, res: HttpServletResponse) {
    Option(req.getQueryString) foreach { q =>
      val nums = q.split(",") map { _.toInt }
      res.getWriter.write(nums.sum.toString)
    }
  }
}

Test-driven development :: passing test

Bingo.

$ sbt test
...
[info] - add a bunch of numbers
[info] - don't add no numbers
...
[info] Passed: Total 2, Failed 0, Errors 0, Passed 2

Test-driven development :: coverage

It's not pretty (yet), but we'll get there.

$ sbt scoverage:test
...
[info] - add a bunch of numbers
...
outputDir:/home/james/code/scala-cd/target/scala-2.10/scoverage-report
...
[info] Passed: Total 1, Failed 0, Errors 0, Passed 1

Test-driven development :: coverage

Here's a sneak preview.

Collaborative development

The code is ready for peer review.

Collaborative development :: submit it

Push the new branch.

$ git push origin issue-5

Open a new pull request.

Collaborative development :: code review

The tests

The implementation

Continuous integration

We need to side-step into CI before we can wrap up our collaborative development process.

Continuous integration

Asking experts to do boring and repetitive, and yet technically demanding tasks is the most certain way of ensuring human error that we can think of, short of sleep deprivation, or inebriation.

- Humble, Farley

Continuous integration :: github

Continuous integration :: travis ci

Continuous integration :: coveralls

Collaborative development :: check the CI status

Does the build pass?

Collaborative development :: acceptance

Merge that PR!

Continuous integration

Who's driving this thing!?

developer --> GitHub --> Travis CI ----> GitHub
                                   \
                                    `--> Coveralls

Continuous deployment

continuous deployment ≈ continuous integration + some kind of publishing

Continuous deployment :: bintray

Continuous deployment :: heroku

Continuous deployment :: on the shoulders of CI

developer --> GitHub --> Travis CI ----> GitHub
                             \  \  \
                              \  \  `--> Coveralls
                               \  \
                                \  `---> Bintray
                                 \
                                  `----> Heroku

Continuous deployment :: acceptance testing

Verify the feature.

$ curl scala-cd.herokuapp.com/add?1,2,3,4,5,6,6,7,8
42

Continuous deployment :: QA

Check for reasonable failures.

$ curl -i scala-cd.herokuapp.com/add?one,two
HTTP/1.1 500 Internal Server Error

Test for acceptable performance.

$ ab -n 500 -c 50 scala-cd.herokuapp.com/add?1,2,3,4,5,6,6,7,8
...
Concurrency Level:      50
Time taken for tests:   2.956 seconds
Complete requests:      500
Failed requests:        0
Total transferred:      69500 bytes
Requests per second:    169.14 [#/sec] (mean)
Time per request:       295.616 [ms] (mean)

Review

• Defining DevOps
• Test-driven development
• Collaborative development
• Continuous integration
• Continuous deployment

Conclusion

How long would it take your organization to deploy a change that involves just one single line of code?

Minutes.

Do you deploy changes at this pace on a repeatable, reliable basis?

Yes.

Conclusion

How?

• Automate all the things
• Build constantly
• Deploy constantly

Stuff we didn't cover

• Automated scaling
• Zero downtime
• A/B testing
• Non-public builds
• Detailed tools configuration

References

Books

• Continuous Delivery, by Jez Humble and David Farley
• Implementing Lean Software Development: From Concept to Cash, by Mary Poppendieck and Tom Poppendieck

Questions