Tagless Final

trait Monad[M[_]] {
  def pure[A](x: A): M[A]
  def map[A, B](x: M[A])(f: A => B): M[B] = flatMap(x)(a => pure(f(a)))
  def flatMap[A, B](x: M[A])(f: A => M[B]): M[B]
}

implicit class MonadOps[M[_]: Monad, A](ma: M[A]) {
  val M = implicitly[Monad[M]]
  def map[B](f: A => B): M[B] = M.map(ma)(f)
  def flatMap[B](f: A => M[B]): M[B] = M.flatMap(ma)(f)
}

type ID[A] = A

implicit val idMonad: Monad[ID] =
  new Monad[ID] {
    override def pure[A](x: A): ID[A] = x
    override def flatMap[A, B](x: ID[A])(f: A => ID[B]): ID[B] = f(x)
  }

trait Algebra[F[_]] {
  def readEnv(name: String): F[String]
  def readLn: F[String]
  def write(output: String): F[Unit]
}

class Program[F[_]: Monad](x: Algebra[F]) {

  def enProgram(): F[Unit] =
    for {
      _    <- x.write("What's your name? ")
      name <- x.readLn
      _    <- x.write(s"Hello, ${name}!\n")
    } yield ()

  def esProgram(): F[Unit] =
    for {
      _    <- x.write("¿Cómo te llamas? ")
      name <- x.readLn
      _    <- x.write(s"¡Hola, ${name}!\n")
    } yield ()

  def program: F[Unit] =
    for {
      lang <- x.readEnv("LANG")
      _    <- if (lang.startsWith("es")) {
                esProgram()
              } else {
                enProgram()
              }
    } yield ()
}

object Interpreter extends Algebra[ID] {
  override def readEnv(name: String): ID[String] = sys.env(name)
  override def readLn: ID[String] = scala.io.StdIn.readLine()
  override def write(output: String): ID[Unit] = print(output)
}

new Program(Interpreter).program